Tag: M.W:100-200

Li, Kai; Sun, Hongjian; Yang, Wenjing; Wang, Yajie; Xie, Shangqing; Li, Xiaoyan; Fuhr, Olaf; Fenske, Dieter published the article 《Efficient dehydration of primary amides to nitriles catalyzed by phosphorus-chalcogen chelated iron hydrides》. Keywords: nitrile preparation; primary amide dehydration phosphorus chalcogen chelated iron hydride catalyst.They researched the compound: Picolinamide( cas:1452-77-3 ).Related Products of 1452-77-3. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:1452-77-3) here.

A series of phosphorus-chalcogen chelated hydrido iron (II) complexes, (o-(R’2P)-p-R-C6H4Y)FeH(PMe3)3I (R = H, Me; R’ = iPr, Ph; Y = O, S, Se) were synthesized. The catalytic performances of I for dehydration of amides to nitriles were explored by comparing three factors: (1) different chalcogen coordination atoms Y; (2) R’ group of the phosphine moiety; (3) R substituent group at the Ph ring. It is confirmed that I (R = H; R’ = Ph; Y = S) with S as coordination atom has the best catalytic activity and I (R = H; R’ = Ph; Y = Se) with Se as coordination atom has the poorest catalytic activity among complexes I (R = H; R’ = Ph; Y = O), I (R = H; R’ = Ph; Y = S) and I (R = H; R’ = Ph; Y = Se). Electron-rich complex I (R = Me; R’ = iPr; Y = O) is the best catalyst among the seven complexes and the dehydration reaction was completed by using 2 mol% catalyst loading at 60° with 24 h in the presence of (EtO)3SiH in THF. Catalyst I (R = Me; R’ = iPr; Y = O) has good tolerance to many functional groups. Among the seven iron complexes, new complexes I (R = H, Me; R’ = iPr; Y = O) were obtained via the O-H bond activation of the preligands o-iPr2P(C6H4)OH and o-iPr2P-p-Me-(C6H4)OH by Fe(PMe3)4. Both I (R = H, Me; R’ = iPr; Y = O) were characterized by spectroscopic methods and X-ray diffraction anal. The catalytic mechanism was exptl. studied and also proposed.

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Tetrahydroisoquinoline – Wikipedia,
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline | C9H11N – PubChem

Recommanded Product: 1452-77-3. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: Picolinamide, is researched, Molecular C6H6N2O, CAS is 1452-77-3, about Spectroscopic and electrochemical recognition of H2PO-4 based on a ruthenium complex with 2-picolinamide. Author is Gong, Zhong-Liang; Zhong, Yu-Wu.

A ruthenium polypyridyl complex 4(PF6) with 2-picolinamide as an anionic NN̂ bidentate ligand is synthesized and characterized, including single-crystal X-ray anal. As an effective anion receptor in CH2Cl2, complex 4(PF6) shows selective spectroscopic and electrochem. recognition towards H2PO-4 over other anions tested (F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, HP2O3-7, HSO-4, AcO- and NO-3). Job’s plot and mass spectral analyses support that an adduct is formed between 4 and H2PO-4 with a 1:2 binding stoichiometry. The absorption spectral titration of 4(PF6) with H2PO-4 yields a global association constant in the order of 108 L2·mol-2 and an optical detection limit of 1.4 x 10-6 mol·L-1. In response to the presence of H2PO-4, the Ru(II/III) redox couple of 4(PF6) displays a “”two-wave behavior”” accompanied by a large neg. shift from +0.74 to +0.45 V vs Ag/AgCl. 1H NMR spectral titration analyses suggest that effective hydrogen-bonding interactions are present between 4 and H2PO-4, which are believed responsible for the observed spectroscopic and electrochem. response of 4(PF6) toward H2PO-4.

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Tetrahydroisoquinoline – Wikipedia,
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline | C9H11N – PubChem

Related Products of 1452-77-3. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: Picolinamide, is researched, Molecular C6H6N2O, CAS is 1452-77-3, about CO2 Conversion with Alcohols and Amines into Carbonates, Ureas, and Carbamates over CeO2 Catalyst in the Presence and Absence of 2-Cyanopyridine. Author is Tomishige, Keiichi; Tamura, Masazumi; Nakagawa, Yoshinao.

Recent progress on the CeO2 catalyzed synthesis of organic carbonates, urea, and carbamates from CO2+alcs., CO2+amines, and CO2+alcs.+amines, resp., is reviewed. The reactions of CO2 with alcs. and amines are reversible ones and the degree of the equilibrium limitation of the synthesis reactions is strongly dependent on the properties of alcs. and amines as the substrates. When the equilibrium limitation of the reaction is serious, the equilibrium conversion of the substrate and the yield of the target product is very low, therefore, the shift of the equilibrium reaction to the product side by the removal of H2O is essential in order to get the target product in high yield. One of the effective method of the H2O removal from the related reaction systems is the combination with the hydration of 2-cyanopyridine to 2-picolinamide, which is also catalyzed by CeO2.

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Reference:
Tetrahydroisoquinoline – Wikipedia,
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline | C9H11N – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 1452-77-3, is researched, Molecular C6H6N2O, about CO2 Conversion with Alcohols and Amines into Carbonates, Ureas, and Carbamates over CeO2 Catalyst in the Presence and Absence of 2-Cyanopyridine, the main research direction is carbonate urea carbamate catalyst cyanopyridine cerium oxide; Carbamate; Carbon dioxide; Cerium oxide; Organic carbonate; Urea.HPLC of Formula: 1452-77-3.

Recent progress on the CeO2 catalyzed synthesis of organic carbonates, urea, and carbamates from CO2+alcs., CO2+amines, and CO2+alcs.+amines, resp., is reviewed. The reactions of CO2 with alcs. and amines are reversible ones and the degree of the equilibrium limitation of the synthesis reactions is strongly dependent on the properties of alcs. and amines as the substrates. When the equilibrium limitation of the reaction is serious, the equilibrium conversion of the substrate and the yield of the target product is very low, therefore, the shift of the equilibrium reaction to the product side by the removal of H2O is essential in order to get the target product in high yield. One of the effective method of the H2O removal from the related reaction systems is the combination with the hydration of 2-cyanopyridine to 2-picolinamide, which is also catalyzed by CeO2.

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Reference:
Tetrahydroisoquinoline – Wikipedia,
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline | C9H11N – PubChem

Reference of Picolinamide. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: Picolinamide, is researched, Molecular C6H6N2O, CAS is 1452-77-3, about Improving Compliance and Decreasing Drug Accumulation of Diethylstilbestrol through Cocrystallization. Author is Li, Zhen; Li, Meiqi; Peng, Bo; Zhu, Bingqing; Wang, Jian-rong; Mei, Xuefeng.

Diethylstilbestrol (DES), a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen, has been prescribed for advanced breast cancer and prostate cancer. However, its poor compliance, reactive metabolite toxicity and hydrophobicity-induced drug accumulation has limited its applications. In this study, we aimed to modulate its dissolution rate and reduce reactive metabolites and drug accumulation through cocrystn. Cocrystals of DES with isonicotinamide (INA), picolinamide (PIN), nicotinamide (NIA), urea (UREA), sarcosine (SAR), and flavone (FLA) were obtained. Different crystallization strategies result in cocrystal polymorphs for DES with INA and FLA. Intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) characterizations in pH 2.0 buffer solution were conducted. Two assumptions (enhancing Cmax or prolonging Tmax) with the aim of improving compliance were put forward. On the basis of the IDR results (DES-NIA with a 1.5-fold increase in IDR and DES-2FLA-B with a 5.5-fold decrease in IDR) and the pharmacol. activities of coformers (NIA and FLA with CYPs inhibition and UGTs stimulation effects), the pharmacokinetic behaviors of these two cocrystals were further researched. The 2-fold prolongation of Tmax in the PK profile DES-2FLA-B facilitated an improvement in compliance. In addition, the higher clearance rates and the potential to reduce oxidative metabolites in DES-2FLA-B help to decrease the drug accumulation and reduce the adverse effects of DES.

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Reference:
Tetrahydroisoquinoline – Wikipedia,
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline | C9H11N – PubChem

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: Picolinamide( cas:1452-77-3 ) is researched.SDS of cas: 1452-77-3.Owen, W. John; Meyer, Kevin G.; Slanec, Thomas J.; Wang, Nick X.; Meyer, Stacy T.; Niyaz, Noormohamed M.; Rogers, Richard B.; Bravo-Altamirano, Karla; Herrick, Jessica L.; Yao, Chenglin published the article 《Synthesis and biological activity of analogs of the antifungal antibiotic UK-2A. I. Impact of picolinamide ring replacement》 about this compound( cas:1452-77-3 ) in Pest Management Science. Keywords: Leptosphaeria nodorum; Puccinia triticina; Qi-site; UK-2A; Zymoseptoria tritici; antifungal activity; cytochrome c reductase; picolinic acid SAR. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:1452-77-3).

BACKGROUND : The antifungal antibiotic UK-2A strongly inhibits mitochondrial electron transport at the Qi site of the cytochrome bc1 complex. Previous reports have described semi-synthetic modifications of UK-2A to explore the structure-activity relationship (SAR), but efforts to replace the picolinic acid moiety have been limited. RESULTS : Nineteen UK-2A analogs were prepared and evaluated for Qi site (cytochrome c reductase) inhibition and antifungal activity. While the majority are weaker Qi site inhibitors than UK-2A (IC50, 3.8 nM), compounds 2, 5, 13 and 16 are slightly more active (IC50, 3.3, 2.02, 2.89 and 1.55 nM, resp.). Compared to UK-2A, compounds 13 and 16 also inhibit growth of Zymoseptoria tritici and Leptosphaeria nodorum more strongly, while 2 and 13 provide stronger control of Z. tritici and Puccinia triticina in glasshouse tests. The relative activities of compounds 1-19 are rationalized based on a homol. model constructed for the Z. tritici Qi binding site. Phys. properties of compounds 1-19 influence translation of intrinsic activity to antifungal growth inhibition and in planta disease control. CONCLUSIONS : The 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy picolinic acid moiety of UK-2A can be replaced by a variety of o-hydroxy-substituted arylcarboxylic acids that retain strong activity against Z. tritici and other agriculturally relevant fungi. © 2018 Society of Chem. Industry

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Reference:
Tetrahydroisoquinoline – Wikipedia,
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline | C9H11N – PubChem

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: Picolinamide, is researched, Molecular C6H6N2O, CAS is 1452-77-3, about Synthesis and biological activity of analogs of the antifungal antibiotic UK-2A. I. Impact of picolinamide ring replacement.Formula: C6H6N2O.

BACKGROUND : The antifungal antibiotic UK-2A strongly inhibits mitochondrial electron transport at the Qi site of the cytochrome bc1 complex. Previous reports have described semi-synthetic modifications of UK-2A to explore the structure-activity relationship (SAR), but efforts to replace the picolinic acid moiety have been limited. RESULTS : Nineteen UK-2A analogs were prepared and evaluated for Qi site (cytochrome c reductase) inhibition and antifungal activity. While the majority are weaker Qi site inhibitors than UK-2A (IC50, 3.8 nM), compounds 2, 5, 13 and 16 are slightly more active (IC50, 3.3, 2.02, 2.89 and 1.55 nM, resp.). Compared to UK-2A, compounds 13 and 16 also inhibit growth of Zymoseptoria tritici and Leptosphaeria nodorum more strongly, while 2 and 13 provide stronger control of Z. tritici and Puccinia triticina in glasshouse tests. The relative activities of compounds 1-19 are rationalized based on a homol. model constructed for the Z. tritici Qi binding site. Phys. properties of compounds 1-19 influence translation of intrinsic activity to antifungal growth inhibition and in planta disease control. CONCLUSIONS : The 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy picolinic acid moiety of UK-2A can be replaced by a variety of o-hydroxy-substituted arylcarboxylic acids that retain strong activity against Z. tritici and other agriculturally relevant fungi. © 2018 Society of Chem. Industry

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Reference:
Tetrahydroisoquinoline – Wikipedia,
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline | C9H11N – PubChem

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: Picolinamide, is researched, Molecular C6H6N2O, CAS is 1452-77-3, about Manipulating Cocrystal Size and Morphology using a Combination of Temperature Cycling and Additives, the main research direction is cocrystal size morphol manipulation temperature cycling additive combination.Related Products of 1452-77-3.

A cooling crystallization of HOBz and isonicotinamide in EtOH yields the 1:1 cocrystal with an extreme needle-like morphol. with an initial mean aspect ratio of ~10 and a size of ~64μm. The use of suspension temperature cycling in combination with tailor-made additives alleviates such extreme needle-like morphols. and increases the average particle size of this cocrystal material. Temperature cycling of the cocrystal suspensions in EtOH alone reduces the mean aspect ratio from 10 to 3.3 while it increases the average crystal size from 64 to 450μm. The further addition of low concentrations of benzamide or nicotinamide suppresses the growth rate at the tip of the needle even more, resulting in a more favorable equant morphol. An iterative mechanism in which additives are incorporated in the lattice structure and released during the temperature increase in each cycle is proposed. Thus, the incorporation of an additive at the normally fast growing and potential needle tips and its release during the temperature increase part of the cycle effectively makes an additive action catalytic. The simultaneous use of temperature cycling and tailor-made additives offers a new and effective approach for the elimination of unsatisfactory needle-like crystal morphologies and a small crystal size during the production of a pharmaceutical cocrystal material. The simultaneous use of temperature cycling and tailor-made additives offers a new and effective approach for morphol. control of a pharmaceutical cocrystal.

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Reference:
Tetrahydroisoquinoline – Wikipedia,
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline | C9H11N – PubChem

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: Picolinamide( cas:1452-77-3 ) is researched.Reference of Picolinamide.Jadresko, Dijana; Markovic, Berislav; Medvidovic-Kosanovic, Martina; Matkovic-Calogovic, Dubravka; Szechenyi, Aleksandar; Pockaj, Marta; Balic, Tomislav; Popovic, Zora published the article 《Structural and electrochemical properties of two novel CdX2 (X = Br, I) picolinamide complexes》 about this compound( cas:1452-77-3 ) in Polyhedron. Keywords: cadmium bromine iodine picolinamide complex preparation thermal stability electrochem; crystal structure cadmium bromine iodine picolinamide complex. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:1452-77-3).

Two novel discrete cadmium(II) complexes, namely [CdBr2(pia)2] (1) and [CdI2(pia)2] (2) were prepared by reactions of aqueous solutions of CdX2 (X = Br, I) salts with picolinamide (pia) in the 2:1 ligand to metal stoichiometric ratio. Both compounds were characterized by elemental anal., IR-spectroscopy, TG/DSC analyses and electrochem. methods. The electrochem. characteristics of both ligand (pia) and prepared complexes were studied by cyclic and (cyclic) square-wave voltammetry, on a static mercury drop electrode (SMDE), in aqueous media over a wide pH range. The mol. and crystal structure of the compounds was determined by the single crystal X-ray diffraction method. X-ray structure anal. of 1 and 2 have shown that the compounds are isostructural with minor differences in the bond angles of the coordination sphere. In both compounds the Cd(II) ion is coordinated by two halide atoms and two mutually orthogonal picolinamide ligands that act as N,O-chelators in a distorted octahedral arrangement. In the crystal structure, the mols. of 1 and 2 are primarily linked via strong head-to-head amide hydrogen bond interactions forming dimers. In 1 the adjacent dimers are connected via N-H···Br hydrogen bonds and offset face to face π···π interactions that involve pyridine rings, while in the structure of 2, the dimers are connected via C-H···O, C-H···N and N-H···I hydrogen bonds into the final 3D structure. The intermol. interactions in both crystal structures were further studied by Hirshfeld surface anal. Electrochem. anal. of 2-picolinamide indicates the irreversible nature of its electro-reduction reaction on SMDE at pH 2. To provide better insight into the redox mechanism and electrokinetic properties of 2-picolinamide, the study of the effect of signal frequency on CSWV response was carried out, too. The electrochem. reduction of complex 2 involves two electron transfer reactions at -0.55 V and -0.83 V, indicating two redox active centers in the mol., while complex 1 appears to be apparently electro-inactive in the studied potential range.

Compound(1452-77-3)Reference of Picolinamide received a lot of attention, and I have introduced some compounds in other articles, similar to this compound(Picolinamide), if you are interested, you can check out my other related articles.

Reference:
Tetrahydroisoquinoline – Wikipedia,
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline | C9H11N – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 1452-77-3, is researched, Molecular C6H6N2O, about Florylpicoxamid, a new picolinamide fungicide with broad spectrum activity, the main research direction is florylpicoxamid broad spectrum fungicide resistance; Qi inhibitor; acropetal translocation; cross-resistance; florylpicoxamid; spore germination inhibitor; translaminar activity.Related Products of 1452-77-3.

Following the introduction of fenpicoxamid, a natural product-based fungicide targeting the Qi site of mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 complex, a second generation fully synthetic picolinamide, florylpicoxamid, was discovered and its biol. activity and attributes were characterized. In vitro fungal growth inhibition assays and in planta glasshouse biol. activity evaluations showed florylpicoxamid was active against 21 different plant pathogenic fungi within the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Among the pathogens evaluated, florylpicoxamid was most potent against Zymoseptoria tritici, the causal organism of wheat leaf blotch, providing 80% growth inhibition in vitro at 0.0046 mg L-1 and 80% disease control in planta at 0.03 mg L-1 when applied as a preventative treatment. Florylpicoxamid was more efficacious than epoxiconazole, fluxapyroxad, and benzovindiflupyr vs. a Z. tritici wild-type isolate when applied as curative and preventative treatments, with superior 10-day curative reachback activity. Anal. studies and in planta tests demonstrated that florylpicoxamid partitioned into plants quickly and showed good systemicity and translaminar activity on both monocot and dicot plants. No cross-resistance was observed between florylpicoxamid and strobilurin or azole fungicides. Florylpicoxamid exerts its preventative effect by preventing spore germination on the leaf surface and curative activity by arresting mycelial growth and pycnidia development in leaf tissue. With strong broad spectrum fungicidal activity, florylpicoxamid delivers an innovative solution for growers to sustain high productivity and quality of many crops, and also provides a new option for developing effective strategies for fungicide resistance management.

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Reference:
Tetrahydroisoquinoline – Wikipedia,
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline | C9H11N – PubChem